If Marvin Nichols Reservoir is built by Dallas on the Sulphur River in northern east Texas, dozens of small communities will be inundated, ending a rich part of the region's history.

One of the communities is Cuthand and at a hearing in Mt. Pleasant, Methodist pastor John Provine made an impassioned plea to save the community.

With one of the unusual names in Texas, Cuthand stands at the intersection of Farm Roads 1487 and 916, seven miles east of Bogata in Red River County.

Originally known as Enterprise as it was being settled by cotton planters around 1850, the town began to grow in the 1860s when E.A. Mauldin established a grist mill and cotton gin and Samuel T. Arnold opened a general store.

By 1867, the community had enough people to justify a post office, and its first postmaster, Cornelius Crenshaw, named the post office for Cuthand Creek. The creek supposedly got its name from a Delaware Indian chief who accompanied Frank Hopkins, a soldier in the battle of Tippecanoe, from Indiana to Texas in 1823.

The chief had lost three fingers from a sabre's slash and because of his disfigurement, he was forever known as Cut Hand. The creek bearing his name was named by General Thomas J. Rusk of Nacogdoches, a close friend of the chief.

An old legend says that immediately after the Civil War, a Professor Dobbs came to Cuthand and applied for a job as the teacher.

Dobbs was hired. After the school's closing in the Spring, he left the community, and it was later discovered he was William Clarke Quantrill, leader of perhaps the most savage fighting unit in the Civil War.

Quantrill, indeed, was a school teacher in Ohio and Kansas and brought his guerillas to a camp on the Red River near Sherman during the winters of 1862, 1863 and 1864.

The climax of Quantrill's guerilla career came on Aug. 21, 1863, when he led a force of 450 raiders into Lawrence, Kan., a stronghold of pro- Union support, and set the torch to much of the city. Quantrill was eventually killed on a raid into Kentucky in 1865.

As Cuthand thrived from a cotton economy, people began to settle around the community. Six doctors once practiced in the town, an indication that it was growing.

By 1880, Cuthand had a population of, two cotton gins, a church and a school. The town's population reached 150 in 1890 but began to decline by 1896. In 1914, 91 residents lived in the community and it had 96 from 1920 through 1956.

The town lost its post office in the 1950s and in 1986 the community reported only 31 residents and no businesses.